giovedì 27 ottobre 2011
Appunti e spunti per un tema sulla guerra
Studiando la seconda guerra mondiale, in cui sono state usate armi sempre più potenti ho compreso con l’olocausto fino a che punto possa arrivare la brutalità degli uomini. Mi sono reso conto come deve essere stato tremendo per un ebreo sentire suonare il campanello di notte per essere trascinato via da casa dalla SS che si trovava di fronte. Sentirsi le pulci e le zecche addosso nel carro bestiame che con migliaia di ebrei lo portava ad Auschwitz. Quello che non moriva soffocato sul treno, veniva messo in fila perché sul braccio gli si scriveva col ferro infuocato un numero causandogli un dolore indicibile. Si, il campo era terribile, tutti piangevano e quando toglievano l’oro anche le scarpe da un momento all’altro si era stanchi,sporchi e affamati. Queste cose conoscevo attraverso le pagine di un libro di storia che unite alle immagini di una trasmissione sull’ olocausto, mi facevano capire che milioni di persone sono state inghiottite dalla morte di una brutta guerra. In particolare mi ha colpito come l’arte si è interessata ai conflitti che hanno distrutto milioni di vittime innocenti.
Due quadri mi hanno scioccato. Uno è un olio su tela molto grande dipinto nel 1937 e che si trova al museo Del Prado di Madrid. Guernica non solo è il quadro più famoso di Pablo Picasso ma è anche considerato uno dei grandi quadri del ventesimo secolo. IL tema del quadro è il bombardamento dell’ omonima città spagnola da parte delle forze tedesche. Infatti per la prima volta nella storia un intera città venne completamente rasa al suolo da un bombardamento a tappeto che colpi la popolazione civile. Picasso rappresenta con il quadro il dolore delle persone colpite dal bombardamento. La scena che vediamo è impressionante e la tela è gigantesca perchè immenso è il dolore. L’artista usò bianco grigio e nero, forme a pezzi e linee contorte. Diversi i personaggi del quadro ma colpiscono la madre col bambino che sono all’estrema sinistra. Ci sono anche degli animali perché Picasso fa comprendere che le bombe colpiscono gli esseri viventi. Le figure non si distinguono bene ma nel groviglio spiccano occhi terrorizzati e bocche che urlano di dolore. L’ altro quadro che mi è rimasto impresso è Axle di un artista americano rappresentante della Pop Art. Robert Rauschenberg usa il rosso come colore dominante. In questo quadro il riferimento bellico è il paracadutista con la guerra del Vietnam, guerra che gli americani non sono riusciti a vincere.
Se Ungaretti è stato in trincea, se Guernica è stata rasa al suolo, se la Shoah ha caratterizzato la seconda guerra mondiale, se quella del Vietnam è stata una guerra dominata da armi chimiche, la primavera araba è stata caratterizzata dai social network e dalle immagini che dai telefonini hanno fatto vedere le fine del colonnello Gaddafi. Qualunque siano i motivi qualunque siano i mezzi, la guerra è un brutto affare che lascia segni indelebili tra vincitori e vinti.
mercoledì 26 ottobre 2011
San Francisco
lunedì 3 ottobre 2011
Columbus day
Columbus and the egg
One day a Spanish gentleman gave a dinner in honor of the great admiral's success. Many guests were jealous of Columbus and tried to make Columbus uncomfortable.
"You have discovered strange lands beyond the seas," they said, "but what of that? We do not see why there should be so much said about it. Anybody can sail across the ocean - and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side, just as you have done. It is the simplest thing in the world."
Columbus didn’t answer but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said: "dear gentlemen, can you make this egg stand on end?" One by one those proud gentlemen at the table tried the experiment. Since no one succeeded, all said that it could not be done.
The great Italian admiral took the egg and struck its small end gently upon the table. He broke the shell a little and the egg stood upright.
Columbus therefore said “Anybody can do anything after he has been shown how!'
mercoledì 28 settembre 2011
Benvenuti alunni dell'Istituto Comprensivo Manzoni
martedì 16 giugno 2009
Reading Comprehension: Josephine Baker
Vorrei farvi conoscere un personaggio molto particolare di cui si trova tanto su Youtube
Dopo averlo letto scrivetemi
Josephine Baker is an American legend from St Luis, Missouri. Many people called her Black Venus. Her real name was Frida Josephine MacDonald. She was born on June 3rd 1916 and she was the daughter of a black laundress and of a white musician. She began working when she was eight years old and the white woman burnt her hands when she put too much soap in the laundry. At 12 she was a street child in the black slums and scavenged for food in garbage cans. At 15 she became famous for street corner dancing and moved to New York. She was very creative and loved sequins and feathers and when she became rich she often performed with her pet Chiquita, a cheetah who was adorned with a diamond collar.
She was only 19 when she left the United States to perform in a musical in Paris. When she saw the Eiffel Tower she said "It looked very different from the Statue of Liberty, but what did that matter? What was the good of having the statue without the liberty?" Her performance was an instant success. In 1931 her most successful song was "J'ai deux amours" so she became a muse for contemporary authors, painters, designers, and sculptors including Langston Hughes, Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Pablo Picasso, and Christian Dior. Six years later she became a French citizen. She was a World War II hero. She used to send presents to French soldiers but she was also a spy. She is famous for her undercover work for the French Resistance. She also performed in Buchenwald for the frail liberated inmates. Josephine was the first American-born woman to receive the French military honor, the Croix de Guerre. General Charles De Gaulle gave her the medal of the Légion d'honneur. Josephine was a great Jazz singer and entertainer who didn’t like racial discrimination. Once she said: “Surely the day will come when colour means nothing more than the skin tone, when religion is seen uniquely as a way to speak one's soul; when birth places have the weight of a throw of the dice and all men are born free, when understanding breeds love and brotherhood. “ In 1963, she was the only woman to speak at the March on Washington at the side of Martin Luther King, Jr. She married four times and adopted twelve children from around the world. She called them "MY Rainbow Tribe” since the orphans came from different countries.
One of her best friends was actress Grace Kelly who was also known as Princess Grace Ranieri. In 1951 at the Stork Club in New York Josephine was refused service and Grace supported the Black Venus leaving the place with her party. When Josephine was near bankruptcy the Princess helped her financially.
The famous journalist Janet Flanner, a "New Yorker" correspondent once said that Josephine had a magnificent dark body proving for the first time that black was beautiful." Another good friend of hers was the Spanish painter Pablo Picasso. When speaking of her, he would say: "Tall, coffee skin, ebony eyes, legs of paradise, a smile to end all smiles." According to the American writer Ernest Hemingway, Josephine Baker was the most sensational woman anyone ever saw" In 1966 Fidel Castro invited her to perform in Cuba and her spectacular show led to record breaking attendance. Josephine died on April 12th 1975 in her sleep after a big party in her honour. The party sponsored by Princess Grace took place to celebrate her fifty years in show business and guests included Sophia Loren and Liza Minelli. She received a State funeral in Paris but she was buried in Monaco.
A restaurant in New York Chez Josephine on Theatre Row, 42nd Street, celebrates Baker's life and works.